Understanding the Risks of Tuberculosis: Who is Most Affected?

New Delhi, June 7: Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the leading infectious diseases in the country. Primarily affecting the lungs, it can become a serious issue if not identified and treated promptly. Health experts indicate that certain individuals face a higher risk of contracting TB compared to the general population. These individuals should exercise caution and undergo regular screenings.

According to the National Health Mission (NHM), specific groups are at a significantly greater risk of TB infection. It is crucial for these individuals to remain vigilant and get screened periodically to catch the disease in its early stages. TB is a fully treatable illness, but early detection is essential.

Individuals in close contact with TB patients face increased risk. If someone in the household or vicinity has TB, the likelihood of infection rises sharply.

Malnourished individuals are also at risk. Due to weakened immunity and nutrient deficiencies, they can easily contract TB.

Patients who have recovered from TB in the last five years should be cautious, as the disease can recur.

People living with HIV are particularly vulnerable. Their compromised immune systems make TB a severe threat.

Diabetes patients are at an elevated risk as uncontrolled blood sugar levels can increase the likelihood of TB infection.

Individuals over the age of 60 should be aware that aging weakens the immune system, thus raising their risk.

Long-term smokers or alcohol consumers also face heightened risks. Smoking damages the lungs, while excessive alcohol consumption harms both the liver and immune system.

Those living in crowded places or slum areas, such as prisons, orphanages, and nursing homes, are at greater risk due to poor hygiene and living conditions.

The National Health Mission advises that individuals in the aforementioned categories should remain alert. Symptoms such as coughing, fever, weight loss, night sweats, and fatigue should prompt immediate consultation with a doctor.

To prevent TB, regular health check-ups are essential. A nutritious diet, avoiding smoking and alcohol, and starting medication upon exposure to TB patients, under medical advice, are crucial. Maintaining good hygiene is also vital.