New Delhi, June 7: The ice present on Earth is not just a hallmark of cold regions; it plays a vital role in maintaining the global climate and the balance of oceans. This icy system is known as the ‘cryosphere.’ Scientists believe that the future of our oceans largely depends on the state of the cryosphere. This is why there is a significant emphasis on its conservation and study worldwide today.
The term ‘cryosphere’ encompasses all forms of ice on Earth. It is derived from the Greek word ‘cryos,’ meaning icy cold. In today’s discussions on climate change, the cryosphere is crucial as it is directly linked to the health and future of our oceans.
The cryosphere includes snow on land, ice on rivers and lakes, permafrost, massive ice sheets in Antarctica and Greenland, glaciers, ice caps, icebergs, and sea ice. Together, these elements form the cold regions of our planet.
Now, why is the cryosphere considered the most critical part of ocean protection? According to the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), the cryosphere plays a significant role in regulating oceans. Freshwater from melting glaciers and ice sheets affects ocean currents. Sea ice reflects sunlight, helping to regulate Earth’s temperature. When this ice melts, sea levels rise, increasing the risk of flooding in coastal areas.
UNESCO states that rapid changes in the cryosphere are impacting the entire world. Glaciers are melting, sea ice is diminishing, and the thawing of permafrost is releasing large amounts of methane gas, further accelerating climate change. These changes disrupt marine ecosystems, threaten the livelihoods of fishing communities, and pose risks to coastal cities.
In response to this issue, UNESCO has launched a Decade of Action for Cryosphere Science under its Intergovernmental Hydrological Programme (IHP). The aim is to bring together scientists, governments, and local communities to better understand changes in the cryosphere and take appropriate actions.
Scientists continuously warn that changes in the cryosphere are occurring faster than ever before. Therefore, it is crucial to reduce global warming, promote green energy, and strengthen conservation efforts.
As World Oceans Day approaches, UNESCO emphasizes that protecting oceans begins not just with cleaning the seas but also with safeguarding the cryosphere.
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