Srinagar, August 31: Concerns are escalating regarding climate change and the rapid melting of glaciers in the Himalayan regions following a devastating disaster from the Tibet-China border to Nepal. Environmentalist and hydraulic engineering expert Ejaz Rasool emphasized that Jammu and Kashmir, being part of the Himalayan region, is particularly sensitive to such disasters. He urged the government to strengthen comprehensive contingency plans, water management policies, and hazard mapping to address potential calamities.
Regarding the disaster in Nepal, Rasool noted that it was initially linked to an earthquake. However, scientific investigations now attribute it significantly to global warming and the accelerated melting of glaciers. The sudden collapse of large ice masses from glaciers and the potential outflow of glacial lake water could lead to severe devastation. Such scenarios could result in fast-moving water causing significant damage to bridges, structures, trees, and populated areas. He pointed to the disaster in Nepal as an example of this threat, stressing the need to understand climate change in the broader context of such calamities.
Rasool indicated that Jammu and Kashmir is also situated in the Himalayan region, and the effects of climate change have become evident over the past four to five years. He claimed that several glaciers in the area are retreating, mentioning the Thajiwas, Kolahoi, Kausarnag, and Shopian glaciers. He noted that Kashmir is interconnected with Himalayan glaciers and water sources, and the glaciers in Ladakh also impact the region’s water system.
The expert warned that if a significant portion of a glacier breaks off due to an earthquake, cloudburst, or other natural events, or if a glacial lake dam fails, a sudden influx of water could occur. This could create flash flood-like conditions in lower areas. He highlighted Kausarnag, Gangbal, and Kolahoi glaciers as critical hotspots in Kashmir that are particularly vulnerable.
Rasool pointed out that many glaciers in Ladakh are part of the extensive Himalayan water system, and changes there could affect Jammu and Kashmir. There has been an increasing frequency of events like glacial lake outflows and flash floods in the region. Previously rare occurrences of floods, mudslides, and sudden surges of water are now reported more frequently from various areas.
He stated that while it is impossible to eliminate climate change entirely, its impacts can be mitigated. An effective water management policy is essential for Jammu and Kashmir. He suggested reducing pollution in reservoirs and other water bodies while better controlling water inflow and outflow. Arrangements could be developed to safely store excess water and release it in a controlled manner when necessary.
Regarding early warning systems, Rasool mentioned that accurately predicting climate events in advance is challenging. He noted that there is no calendar for climate events. Predictions for floods or droughts are primarily based on probability analysis. When the frequency of such events increases in an area, preparations can be made to reduce risks. Identifying areas at higher risk of glacial lake bursts, flash floods, or mudslides is crucial.
He further stated that unplanned construction should be halted in sensitive areas based on hazard mapping. No housing or other structures should be permitted in regions with a high risk of disasters. By improving monitoring, identifying at-risk areas, managing water resources effectively, and preparing for disasters in advance, potential damage in Jammu and Kashmir can be significantly reduced.
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