New Delhi, September 19 (Daily Kiran) : The Railway Protection Force (RPF) has undergone significant changes since its inception in 1882, evolving into a crucial component of India’s railway safety and security. The maintenance and protection of railways have long been a priority for governments, reflecting the importance of railways as a vital artery for national communication and economic progress. However, efforts to combat crime within the railway system date back to the very beginning of rail transport in India.
The journey began in 1854 when the Eastern Indian Railway implemented the Police Act of 1861. Initially, railway companies appointed staff designated as ‘police’ to oversee their operations. During this time, private railway companies were prevalent. Following recommendations from the Railway Police Committee in 1872, these forces were organized under the label of ‘government’ police.
By 1882, a formal division of the police force within the railways took shape. Railway companies assumed direct responsibility for securing their assets and protecting the public’s belongings, leading to the establishment of the RPF’s history. This marked a significant turning point in railway security.
In the mid-1940s, the ‘Watch and Ward’ staff, which remained under the control of railway companies, struggled to prevent thefts of their properties and goods. Despite this, the arrangement persisted until 1954. A committee formed under the then Director of the Intelligence Bureau recommended reconstituting the ‘Watch and Ward’ as a statutory body, which led to the enactment of the RPF Act in 1957.
Post-independence, the railway system underwent extensive reforms. The restructuring of private railways resulted in the establishment of nine regional railways, bringing about unprecedented changes in railway operations. Recognizing the need for enhanced security, the Railway Property (Unlawful Possession) Act was passed in 1966.
Despite these advancements, there was a continued demand for the RPF to be designated as an armed force. This request was eventually fulfilled when Parliament amended the RPF Act on September 20, 1985, granting the RPF the status of an armed force. This change transformed its operations, allowing it to collaborate with other security forces and regularly assist state police.
Today, members of the Railway Protection Force and their families commemorate September 20 each year as the foundation day of the RPF. The force has not only secured railway properties but has also demonstrated a reliable commitment to ensuring the safety and security of rail passengers.
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