Understanding the Unique Traditions of Chhath Puja: From Nahay-Khay to Bhor Ka Arghya

New Delhi, November 12 (Daily Kiran) : Chhath Puja stands out among global festivals due to its profound philosophical message. While many cultures honor the rising sun, Chhath teaches a vital life lesson by first paying homage to the setting sun, followed by the rising sun the next day. This practice symbolizes the belief that neither ascendance nor decline is permanent. Just as sunset is followed by sunrise, every ending brings the promise of a new beginning.

The festival conveys that both success and struggle deserve equal respect. Observing Chhath is a rigorous spiritual discipline aimed at purifying the body and mind. This four-day ritual is marked by immense devotion, strict rules, and sincerity.

The festivities begin with ‘Nahay-Khay,’ where devotees clean their homes thoroughly and consume a sattvic meal, typically consisting of bottle gourd and split chickpeas, to prepare themselves physically and mentally for the fast.

The second day features the ‘Kharna’ ritual, where devotees fast all day and prepare a sweet dish made from jaggery and sugarcane juice on a new clay stove. After consuming this offering, they embark on a challenging 36-hour ‘Nirjala’ (waterless) fast.

A significant aspect of Kharna is the preparation of ‘Sathi’ rice and sweetened rice pudding, which are considered pure and sacred. This offering is dedicated to the Sun God and Chhathi Maiya, who is believed to cherish this bhog.

Following the Kharna, devotees begin their rigorous fast, relying on the energy from the pudding to sustain them. Jaggery’s warming properties help maintain body temperature during the winter festival.

The third day involves offering ‘Arghya’ to the setting sun, where devotees stand in cold waters of rivers or ponds, expressing their devotion with full faith.

The final day concludes with the ‘Bhor Ka Arghya,’ where the rising sun is honored, marking the end of this significant fast.

The emphasis on purity during Chhath is unparalleled. The offerings typically include ‘Thekua,’ dates, ‘Tikri,’ ‘Kasar,’ and various seasonal fruits, while the use of onions, garlic, or even regular salt is strictly prohibited. The offerings are presented in eco-friendly bamboo baskets, ensuring a minimal environmental impact.

One of the most beautiful aspects of Chhath Puja is its disregard for gender or caste discrimination. The primary worshippers, known as ‘Parvaitin,’ are usually women, although many men also participate in this demanding observance with great devotion.

At the riverbanks, there are no VIP privileges, nor is there a need for a priest’s chants. The connection between devotees and the divine remains direct and personal.